FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION – 2023
ENGLISH (PRECIS & COMPOSITION)
Roll Number
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Roll Number |
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TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES |
PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM
MARKS = 20 PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS
= 80 |
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NOTE: (i) Part II is to be attempted on the
separate Answer Book. (ii)
Attempt ALL questions from PART II. (iii)
All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place
instead of at different places. (iv) Write Q. No.
in the Answer
Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper. (v) No Page/Space be left blank
between the answers. All the blank pages
of the Answer Book
must be crossed. (vi) Extra attempts of any question or any part
of the question will not be considered. |
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FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING/ASSIMILATION I ATTEMPTED /PREPARED SOME OF THE PREVIOUS PAPERS. SHARE THESE SUBSEQUENTLY FOR THE ASPIRANTS TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF INCOMING EXAMINATIONS.
PART-II
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Q. 2. |
Write a précis of the following passage and suggest
a suitable title: |
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(20) |
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On the
question of freedom in education, there are at present three main schools of
thought, deriving partly from differences
as to ends and partly from differences in psychological theory. There are
those who say that children should be
completely free, however bad they may be; there are those who say they should
be completely subject to authority, however
good they may be, and there are those who say they should be free, but in
spite of freedom they should be always
good. This last party is larger than it has any logical right to be;
children, like adults, will not all be virtuous if they are all free. The belief that liberty will ensure moral
perfection is a relic of Rousseauism, and would not survive a study of animals and babies. Those who hold this belief
think that education should have no
positive purpose, but should merely
offer an environment suitable for spontaneous development. I cannot
agree with this
school, which seems to me too individualistic, and
unduly indifferent to the importance of knowledge. We live in communities
which require co-operation, and it
would be utopian to expect all the necessary co-operation to result from
spontaneous impulse. The existence of a large population
on a limited area is only possible
owing to science and technique; education
must, therefore, hand on the necessary minimum of these. The educators who
allow most freedom are men whose
success depends upon a degree of benevolence, self-control, and trained
intelligence which can hardly be generated where
every impulse is left unchecked; their
merits, therefore, are not likely to be perpetuated if their
methods are undiluted. Education, viewed from a social standpoint,
must be something more positive than a mere
opportunity for growth. It must, of course, provide this, but it must
also provide a mental and moral equipment which children cannot acquire entirely for themselves. A. The Limits of Freedom in Education The passage discusses three
views on the role of freedom in education: complete freedom, complete
authority, and freedom with goodness. The author rejects the first view,
which assumes that freedom leads to moral perfection and spontaneous
development. The author argues that this view is unrealistic, and individualistic, and neglects the importance of knowledge, cooperation, and
science. The author also criticizes the second view, which imposes authority
on children regardless of their goodness. The author favors the third view,
which balances freedom and authority, and provides children with the
necessary mental and moral skills for living in a society. The author warns
that the educators who advocate for the most freedom may not be able to
reproduce their success if their methods are not modified. The author
concludes that education should have a positive social purpose, not just a
personal one.
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Q. 3. |
Read the
following passage carefully and answer the questions given at the end. |
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(20) |
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The majority of people have always lived simply, and most of humanity |
still |
struggles on |
a |
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daily basis to eke out a meager existence under dire
circumstances. Only in affluent industrialized countries do people have the luxury of more goods and services
than they need to survive. On the basis of material wealth, North Americans and Europeans should be the happiest people on earth, but according
to the 2012 Happy Planet Index (HPI), they are not.
Surprisingly, what had begun as an experimental lifestyle evolved into a quiet
revolution that spread the word through
books such as Duane Elgin’s best-selling Voluntary
Simplicity: Toward a Way of Life that is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich (1981), as well as
numerous magazines, alternative communities of the like-minded, and, later,
Internet websites. Combined with a
growing awareness of the environmental consequences of consumerism, the
voluntary simplicity movement sought
to reduce the consumption of goods and energy and to minimize one’s personal
impact on the environment.
“Voluntary” denotes a free and conscious choice to make appropriate changes
that will enrich life in a deeper,
spiritual sense. “Simplicity” refers to the lack of clutter, that is,
eliminating all those things, patterns, habits, and ideas that take control of our lives and distract us from our
inner selves. However, this is not to be confused with poverty, which is involuntary, degrading, and
debilitating. Neither does it
mean that people
must live on a farm or
reject progress or technology, or do without what is necessary for their
comfort and welfare. To practice voluntary simplicity, one must differentiate between what one wants (psychological desires) and what one needs (basic requirements of life), and seek a healthy
balance that is compatible with both. In a consumer society where advertising bombards us with the message that without
this, that, and the other product, we are unsuccessful, undesirable, and unimportant, being clear on what you really need and resisting
what you don’t can be an ongoing struggle. The beauty of voluntary simplicity is that it is a
philosophy and not a dogma. How one goes about it depends on individual character, cultural background, and
climate. For this, the three Rs (i.e., Reduce, Recycle & Reuse) represent the
best way to get a
handle on rampant consumerism. In economies driven by the quest for evermore, living with less is erroneously equated with poverty and
social inferiority. By conserving energy, for instance, you are actually
ensuring that more resources are
available for future use. By making a frugal budget and sticking to it, you can
eliminate unnecessary expenses.
Recycling paper, metal, plastic, and glass and reusing building materials and
old clothing keep materials in the
loop and out of landfills. Pooling
skills and resources through barter networks not only saves money but sharing with others establishes bonds
and fosters a sense of community. With the glut of cheap goods that are usually
designed for obsolescence, quality products that last are becoming progressively harder to find. In the long run, a
more expensive but durable and repairable item or even an older used item that
is still in good condition is a better investment
than a brand new piece of junk that will only break down and end up in the
trash. Thus, at the heart of voluntary
simplicity is the conscious realization that less is really more. Less
consumption means more resources for future
generations. Less activity that brings little satisfaction or reward is more
time for yourself and your loved ones. Less
stuff is more space to move around in. Less stress means more relaxation and
better health. Less worry provides more enjoyment and more fulfillment in
life.
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ENGLISH (PRECIS &
COMPOSITION) |
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Questions: (4 marks
each) 1. How important is happiness to most people,
and what is the relationship between material wealth
and happiness? 2. How does the author
characterize the concept of ‘Voluntary Simplicity’ as a movement and as a philosophy? 3.
What impact is feared by the
growing consumerism of modern society? 4. What influences make it difficult for people to reduce their
consumption patterns? 5. What are the challenges and rewards of voluntary simplicity? A. 1. Happiness is
very important to most people, as it is the ultimate goal of human existence.
However, what makes people happy may vary depending on their values, beliefs,
and circumstances. According to the passage, happiness is not necessarily
correlated with material wealth, as North Americans and Europeans are not the
happiest people on earth despite their affluence. The passage suggests that
happiness may be more related to living a simple, meaningful, and sustainable
life, as advocated by the voluntary simplicity movement. This movement aims
to reduce the consumption of goods and energy, minimize the environmental
impact, and focus on the inner self and the community. The passage implies
that happiness can be achieved by making conscious choices that align with one’s
true needs and desires, and by finding a balance between freedom and
responsibility. 2.
The author characterizes the concept of ‘Voluntary
Simplicity’ as both a movement and a philosophy. As a movement, it is a quiet
revolution that spread through books, magazines, communities, and websites,
and that sought to reduce the consumption of goods and energy and to minimize
the environmental impact. As a philosophy, it is a conscious choice to make
appropriate changes that will enrich life in a deeper, spiritual sense, and
to eliminate the clutter that distracts from the inner self. It is also a
balance between freedom and authority and between personal and social
purposes. 3.
The impact that is feared by the growing consumerism of
modern society is the depletion of natural resources, the degradation of the
environment, the increase of waste and pollution, the loss of quality and
durability, and the alienation and dissatisfaction of people. 4.
The influences that make it difficult for people to
reduce their consumption patterns are the advertising industry, social
pressure, the market economy, the quest for status and success, and the habit
of convenience and comfort. 5.
The challenges of voluntary simplicity are the
differentiation between wants and needs, the resistance to temptation and
peer pressure, the adaptation to new lifestyles and values, and the
maintenance of consistency and commitment. The rewards of voluntary
simplicity are the conservation of resources, the saving of money, the
recycling and reusing of materials, the sharing and bartering of skills, the
creation of community, the reduction of stress, the improvement of health,
the enhancement of enjoyment, and the fulfillment of life.
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Q. 4. |
Correct only FIVE of the following: (10) (i)
His knowledge of languages and international relations aid him in his work. (ii)
The
ambassador, with his family and staff, invite you to a reception at the
embassy on Tuesday afternoon. (iii)
This year,
he will sit in the CSS examination. (iv)
The Chief
Executive will let us know whether
or not he can
attend the meeting. (v)
When he came
back from vacation, Aslam and me plan
to look for another apartment. (vi)
If some of you make a noise, they shall be
punished. (vii)
He
came to me to enquire what
is the salary attached to the appointment. (viii)
I am too tired that I do not
hunt words and idioms in my English book. A. (i) His knowledge of languages
and international relations aids him in his work. (The
subject is singular, so the verb should be singular too) (ii) The ambassador,
with his family and staff, invites you to a reception at the
embassy on Tuesday afternoon. (The subject is singular, so the verb should be
singular too. The phrase ‘with his family and staff’ is not part of the
subject) (iii) This year, he will take the CSS examination.
(We use ‘take’ to indicate participating in an examination, not ‘sit’) (iv)
The Chief Executive will let us know whether he can attend
the meeting. (We use ‘whether’ to indicate a choice between two alternatives,
not ‘whether or not’) (v) When he comes back from vacation,
Aslam and I will plan to look for another
apartment. (We use present tense after ‘when’ to indicate a future event, not
past tense. We use ‘I’ as the subject of a sentence, not ‘me’. We use ‘will’
to indicate a future action, not present tense) (vi) If some of you make a
noise, you shall be punished. (We use the same pronoun for
the subject and the object of a conditional sentence, not different pronouns)
(vii) He came to me to enquire what the salary attached to the
appointment was. (We use past tense after ‘enquire’ to report what
someone asked in the past, and invert the subject and the verb) (viii) I am so
tired that I do not hunt words and idioms in my English book. (We use ‘so’ to
indicate the degree of an adjective that causes a result, not ‘too’)
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Q. 5. (a)
(b) |
Punctuate the
following text, where necessary. (05) while taking a nap on the porch
one hot summer
day hodga dreamed that a stranger promised to give him ten pieces of gold the
stranger placed them in hodgas hand one by one until he reached the tenth piece which he hesitated to give him Come on what are you waiting
for said Hodge you promised me ten just then he woke up he immediately
looked at his hand and saw that it was empty he quickly shut his eyes again
stretched out his hand and said all right i ll
settle for nine. A. While taking a nap on the porch one hot summer day, Hodga
dreamed that a stranger promised to give him ten pieces of gold. The stranger
placed them in Hodga’s hand one by one until he reached the tenth piece,
which he hesitated to give him. “Come on, what are you waiting for?” said
Hodga. “You promised me ten.” Just then, he woke up. He immediately looked at
his hand and saw that it was empty. He quickly shut his eyes again, stretched
out his hand, and said, “All right, I’ll settle for nine.”
(b)Re-write the following sentences (ONLY FIVE) after
filling in the blanks with appropriate Prepositions. (05) (i)
The neighbours came my house
to see what’s going on in
the house. (ii)
She
sat the shade
of the tree. (iii)
The
moon does not shine its own light. (iv)
The
burglar jumped the
compound wall. (v)
She
entered an agreement with them. (vi)
I have been
working hard arithmetic. (vii)
He got his bicycle. (viii)
It cannot
be done offence. (i)
The neighbours came to my house to see what’s
going on in the house. (We use ‘to’ to indicate the destination or direction
of movement) (ii)
She sat in
the shade of the tree. (We use ‘in’ to indicate being inside or enclosed by
something) (iii)
The moon does not
shine with its own light. (We use ‘with’ to indicate the instrument or
means of something) (iv)
The burglar jumped
over the compound wall. (We use ‘over’ to indicate movement across or
above something) (v)
She entered into
an agreement with them. (We use ‘into’ to indicate becoming involved or
engaged in something) (vi)
I have been
working hard on arithmetic. (We use ‘on’ to indicate the subject or
topic of something) (vii)
He got on
his bicycle. (We use ‘on’ to indicate being in contact or supported by
something) (viii) It cannot be done without offence.
(We use ‘without’ to indicate the absence or lack of something) A. some other common prepositions in English. Prepositions are
words that show the relationship between people, places, or things in a
sentence. They are usually followed by a noun or a pronoun. For example:
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Q. 6. |
Use only FIVE pairs of words in sentences clearly illustrating their meanings. (10) (i) Antic,
Antique (ii) Draught,
Drought (iii) Quaint,
Queer (iv) Momentary, Momentous (v) Compliment, Complement (vi) Eminent,
Imminent (vii) Faint, Feint (viii) Immigrant,
Emigrant
A. (i) Antic, Antique: Antic means a
playful or silly act, while antique means something old and valuable. For
example:
(ii) Draught, Drought: Draught means a
current of air, while drought means a long period of dry weather. For
example:
(iii) Quaint, Queer: Quaint means charmingly
old-fashioned, while queer means strange or odd. For example:
(iv) Momentary, Momentous: Momentary
means lasting for a very short time, while momentous means very important or
significant. For example:
(v) Compliment, Complement: Compliment
means a polite expression of praise or admiration, while complement means
something that completes or enhances something else. For example:
(vi) Eminent, Imminent: Eminent means
distinguished or prominent, while imminent means about to happen or
impending. For example:
(vii) Faint, Feint: Faint means weak or
faint, while feint means a deceptive or pretended move. For example:
(viii) Immigrant, Emigrant: Immigrant
means a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country, while
emigrant means a person who leaves their own country to live in another. For
example:
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Q. 7.
Translate the following into English by keeping in view figurative/idiomatic
expressions. (10)
ﺑﺰرگ ﻧﮯ ﺑﺘﺎﯾﺎ
ﮐہ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﮐﮯ ﭘﺎر اﯾﮏ ﭘﮩﺎڑ ﮨﮯ ﺟﮩﺎں وه ﭘﮭﻮل اُﮔﺘﺎ ﮨﮯ ﺟﺲ ﮐﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﻮ ﺳﮯ آﻧﮑﮭﻮں
ﮐﯽ ﮐﮭﻮﺋﯽ ﮨﻮﺋﯽ روﺷﻨﯽ ﻟﻮٹ آﺗﯽ ﮨﮯ ،ﻣﮕﺮ ﭘﮩﺎڑ ﺑﮩﺖ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﮨﮯ اور اس ﭘﺮ ﺑﮯ ﺷﻤﺎر
ﭼﮣﺎﻧﯿﮟ ﮨﯿﮟ ،ﮐﺎﻧﮣﮯ دار ﺟﮭﺎڑﯾﺎں ﮨﯿﮟ اور ﺑﮍے ﺑﮍے
ﭘﺘﮭﺮ ﮨﯿﮟ ﺟﻮ راﺳﺘہ روک ﻟﯿﺘﮯ ﮨﯿﮟ ۔ اِس ﭘﮩﺎڑ
ﭘﺮ ﺟﺎﻧﮯ ﮐﮯ ﻟﯿﮯ ﮐﺌﯽ
ﻟﻮگ آﺋﮯ اور ﭼﻠﮯﮔﺌﮯ ﻣﮕﺮ اﯾﺴﺎ ﮐﻮ ﺋﯽ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻧﮩﯿﮟ آﯾﺎ ﺟﻮ ﭘﮭﻮل ﺗﮏ
ﭘﮩﻨﭽﺎ ﮨﻮ۔ ﺷﺎﯾﺪ اِﺳﯽ ﻟﯿﮯ
دُﻧﯿﺎ ﻣﯿﮟ دُﮐﮭ اور ﺗﮑﻠﯿﻒ
ﮨﮯ اور اﻧﺴﺎن روﺷﻨﯽ ﮐﯽ ﺗﻼش ﻣﯿﮟ ﮨﮯ۔
The elder
said that there is a mountain facing the forest where a flower grows whose
fragrance restores the lost light of the eyes, but the mountain is very high
and there are countless on it.
There are
rocks, thorn bushes and big stones that block the way. This mountain
Many people
came and went to visit, but no one came to the flower.
have arrived
Perhaps that is why there is pain and suffering in the world and man is
searching for light.
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